Prof. dr. Brey, P.A.E. (Philip)

Background

Philip Brey (PhD, University of California, San Diego, 1995) is professor of philosophy of technology at the Department of Philosophy, University of Twente, the Netherlands. He was scientific director of the 4TU.Centre for Ethics and Technology 2013-2017. He is also president of the International Society for Ethics and Information Technology (INSEIT), and former president of the Society for Philosophy and Technology (SPT). He is on the editorial board of eleven leading journals and book series in his field, including Ethics and Information Technology, Nanoethics, Philosophy and Technology, Techné, Studies in Ethics, Law and Technology and Theoria. He has led a NWO Vici project for outstanding researchers (2006-2012, budget € 1.25 million) on new media and the quality of life, which has resulted in over 100 peer-reviewed publications, and a European Union FP7 project, SATORI (2014-2017, budget € 3.7 million), involving 17 international partners, which aimed to develop international standards and best practices for the ethical assessment of research and innovation. He currently leads a European Union Horizon 2020 project, SIENNA (2017-2021, budget € 4.0 million), involving 13 international partners, on the ethical and human rights aspects of emerging technologies, including human genomics, human enhancement, robotics and artificial intelligence. He is also partner in the EU Horizon 2020 project SHERPA, on ethical aspects of smart bug data systems, partner in the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Innovative Training Network PROTECT, which aims to grow a new generation of professional in AI and data analytics that can combine technical, legal and ethical expertise, and is senior applicant of Stéphanie Gauttier’s IF Marie Skłodowska Curie GLASNOST project on enhancement in the workplace.

Research

In his research, Philip Brey investigates ethical aspects of emerging technologies, with a particular focus on information technology, robotics, biomedical technology and environmental technologies. He has developed major new approaches in ethics of information technology, including the anticipatory technology ethics (ATE) approach for assessing ethical implications of new and emerging technologies, the disclosive computer ethics approach for studying values in design, and new approaches for studying the implications of technology for well-being. He has been the first, or amongst the first, to do thorough academic studies of the ethical implications of emerging technologies like the World Wide Web, virtual reality technology, ambient intelligence, facial recognition systems, and 3D printing.

Particular research interests of his include the ethical assessment of emerging technology, ethics of artificial intelligence and robotics, ethical aspects of design, innovative approaches to research ethics, the relation between technology, culture and globalization, and the relation between technology and well-being.

4TU.Ethics Projects

Scientific publications (selection)

2018

Brey, P. (2018). ‘The strategic role of technology in a good society.’ Technology in Society 52, 39-45.

2017

Brey, P. (2017). Ethics of Emerging Technologies. In S. O. Hansson (Ed.), The Ethics of Technology: Methods and Approaches (pp. 175-192). London: Rowman and Littlefield International. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2017). Sustainable Technologies for Sustainable Lifestyles. In Kaplan, D. (Ed.), Philosophy, Technology and the Environment (pp. 191-212), Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2017). The strategic role of technology in a good society. Technology in Society. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2017.02.002 click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2017). Theorizing Technology and Its Role in Crime and Law Enforcement. In M. McGuire and T. Holt (Ed.), The Routledge International Handbook of Technology, Crime and Justice (pp. 17-34). New York: Routledge.
Brey, P., Clare-Egan, S., Rodrigues, R. & Jansen, P. (2017). The Ethical Assessment of Research and Innovation – A reflection on the state of the art. In R. Iphofen (Ed.), Finding Common Ground – Consensus in Research Ethics Across the Social Sciences (Advances in Research Ethics and Integrity series) (pp. 185-198). Bingley, England: Emerald Publishing.
Brey, P., Lukovics, M., & Gyurkovics, J. (2017). Science Parks as Seedbeds of Responsible Research and Innovation. In V. Kleschné Csapi (Ed.), ICUBERD 2016 Book of Papers (pp. 93-103). University of Pécs.
Gurzawska, A., Mäkinen, M., Brey, P. (2017). Implementation of Responsible Research and Innovation (RRI) Practices in Industry: Providing the Right Incentives. Sustainability, 9 (10), 1759. click to open pdf
Reijers, W., Brey, P., et al. (2017). Methods for Practising Ethics in Research and Innovation: A Literature Review, Critical Analysis and Recommendations. Science and Engineering Ethics. Advance Online Publication.

2016

Brey P. (2016). Self-Identity and the Evaluation of Medical Technology. In M. Bottis & F. Panagopoulou-Koutnatzi (Eds.), Bioethical Concerns - The Human Face (pp. 53-66). Athens: Papazissi Publications, (book in Greek and English). click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2016). Constructive Philosophy of Technology and Responsible Innovation. In M. Franssen, P. Vermaas, P. Kroes and A. Meijers (eds), Philosophy of Technology after the Empirical Turn, Springer, 127-143.

2015

Boer, J. de, Rijt, J., Wong, P., & Brey, P. (2015). Introduction. Four Types of Questions about Well-Being. In J. Søraker, P. Wong, J. Boer, J. De Rijt, and P. Brey (Eds.), Well-Being in Contemporary Society (pp. ix-xiv). Dordrecht: Springer.
Brey, P. (2015). Design for the Value of Human Well-Being. In J. van den Hoven, P. Vermaas, & I. van de Poel (Eds.), Handbook of Ethics, Values, and Technological Design. Sources, Theory, Values and Application Domains (pp. 365-382). Dordrecht: Springer. click to open pdf
Brey, P. and Jansen, P. (2015). Ethics Assessment in Different Fields: Engineering Sciences. Annex 2.b.1 to SATORI Deliverable D1.1 (EU FP7 Project). 27 pp.
Brey, P., Reijers, W., Rangi, S., Toljan, D., Romare, J., Collste, G., Warso, Z. and Sczaniecki, M. (2015). International differences in ethical standards and in the interpretation of legal frameworks. Deliverable D3.2 for SATORI (EU FP7 project). 137 pp.
Gurzawska, A., Cardone, R., Porcari, A. Mantovani, E. and Brey, P. (2015). Ethics assessment and Guidance in Different Types of Organisations: Industry. Annex 3.h to SATORI Deliverable D1.1 (EU FP7 Project). 50 pp.
Ming, X., Douglas, D., Gurzawska, A. and Brey, P. (2015). Ethics Assessment in Different Countries: China. Annex 4.b to SATORI Deliverable D1.1 (EU FP7 Project). 34 pp.
Øjvind Nielsen, R, Gurzawska, A. and Brey, P. (2015). Ethical Impact Assessment and Conventional Impact Assessment. Annex 1.a to SATORI Deliverable D1.1 (EU FP7 Project). 18 pp.
Rangi, S., Brey, P., Jansen, P., Sattarov, F., Gurzawska, A., Warso, Z. and Sczaniecki, M. (2015). How Globalisation Is Changing Research Agendas, Activities and Assessment Procedures within Research & Innovation. Deliverable D3.3 for SATORI (EU FP7 project). 108 pp.
Shelley-Egan, C., Brey, P., Rodrigues , R., Douglas, D., Gurzawska, A., Bitsch, L., Wright, D. and Wadhwa, K. (2015). Ethical Assessment of Research and Innovation: A Comparative Analysis of Practices and Institutions in the EU and selected other countries. Deliverable D1.1 for SATORI (EU FP7 project). 113 pp.
Søraker, J. and Brey, P. (2015). Ethics Assessment in Different Fields: Information Technology. Annex 2.b.1 to SATORI Deliverable D1.1 (EU FP7 Project). 19 pp.
Søraker, J., Wong, P., Boer, J., De Rijt, J., & Brey, P. (Eds.) (2015). Well-Being in Contemporary Society. (Happiness Studies Book Series). Berlin: Springer. available online

2014

Brey, P. (2014). From Moral Agents to Moral Factors: The Structural Ethics Approach. In P. Kroes & P. P. Verbeek (Eds.), The Moral Status of Technical Artifacts (pp. 125-142). Dordrecht: Springer. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2014). From Reflective to Constructive Philosophy of Technology. Journal of Engineering Studies, 6 (2), 129-136 (in Chinese). English version available here click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2014). The Physical and Social Reality of Virtual Worlds. In M. Grimshaw (Ed.), The Oxford Handbook of Virtuality (pp. 42-54). Oxford: Oxford University Press. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2014). Virtual Reality and Computer Simulation. In R. Sandler (Ed.), Ethics and Emerging Technologies (pp. 315-332). London: Palgrave-Macmillan.
Søraker, J. and Brey, P. (2014). Systematic Review of Industry Relevant RRI Discourses. Responsible Industry Deliverable D1.1 (EU FP7 Project). 52 pp.

2012

Brey, P. (2012). Anticipating Ethical Issues in Emerging IT. Ethics and Information Technology, 14, 305-317. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2012). Anticipatory Ethics for Emerging Technologies. Nanoethics, 6 (1), 1-13. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2012). Preface. In J. Strother, J. Ulijn, & Z. Fazal (Eds.), Information Overload: An International Challenge to Professional Engineers and Technical Communicators (pp. xxvii-xxviii). Piscataway, NJ: Wiley-IEEE Press. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2012). Well-Being in Philosophy, Psychology, and Economics. In P. Brey, A. Briggle, & E. Spence (Eds.), The Good Life in a Technological Age (pp. 15-34). New York: Routledge. click to open pdf
Brey, P., Briggle, A. & Spence, E. (Eds.) (2012). The Good Life in a Technological Age, New York/ Oxon: Routledge. available online
Briggle, A., Brey, P. and Spence, E. (2012). ‘Introduction,’ in Brey, P., Briggle, A. and Spence, E. (eds.) (2012). The Good Life in a Technological Age. Routledge, p. 1-11.

2010

Brey, P. (2010). Philosophy of Technology after the Empirical Turn. Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology, 14 (1). click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2010). Values in Technology and Disclosive Computer Ethics. In L. Floridi (Ed.), The Cambridge Handbook of Information and Computer Ethics (pp. 41-58). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. click to open pdf

2009

Brey, P. (2009). ‘Is Information Ethics Culture-Relative?’ Cross-Disciplinary Advances in Human Computer Interaction. User Modeling, Social Computing, and Adaptive Interfaces, Ed. P. Zaphiris & C. Ang, Hershey/New York: Information Science Reference, p. 259-272.
Brey, P. (2009). Philosophy of Technology Meets Social Constructivism: A Shopper’s Guide. In D. Kaplan (Ed.), Readings in the Philosophy of Technology (pp. 98-111). New York and London: Rowman and Littlefield.
Brey, P. & Søraker, J. H. (2009). Philosophy of Computing and Information Technology. In A. Meijers (Ed.), Philosophy of Technology and Engineering Sciences (pp. 1341-1408). Vol IX in D. Gabbay, P. Thagard and J. Woods (Eds.), Handbook of the Philosophy of Science. Amsterdam: Elsevier. click to open pdf
Brey, P. and Søraker, J. (2009). A Précis of “Philosophy of Computing and Information Technology”. American Philosophical Association Newsletter on Philosophy and Computers, 8 (2), 15-16. click to open pdf

2008

Current Issues in Computing and Philosophy. 2008. Edited by Briggle, A. Waelbers, K. and Brey, P. A. E. Amsterdam: IOS Press. available online
Brey, P. (2008). ‘Extending Minds and Simulating Worlds: Functional and Phenomenal Roles of the Computer’. Eds. Briggle, A., Brey, P. and Waelbers, K. Current Issues in Computing and Philosophy. IOS Press.
Brey, P. (2008). ‘Is Information Ethics Culturally Relative?’ Social Implications of Data Mining and Information Privacy: Interdisciplinary Frameworks and Solutions (ed. E. Eyob), IGI-Global.
Brey, P. (2008). Techniek en alles wat van waarde is/ Technology and everything of value (Inaugural Speech). University of Twente Inaugural Speech Series. Enschede: Universiteit Twente. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2008). Do We Have Moral Duties Towards Information Objects? Ethics and Information Technology, 10 (2-3), 109-114. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2008). Human Enhancement and Personal Identity. In E. B. Olsen, E. Selinger and S. Riis (Eds.) New Waves in Philosophy of Technology (pp. 169-185). New York: Palgrave Macmillan. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2008). Technological Design as an Evolutionary Process. In P. Vermaas, P. Kroes, A. Light & S. Moore (Eds.), Philosophy and Design. From Engineering to Architecture (22 pp.). Dordrecht: Springer. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2008). The Computer as Cognitive Artifact and Simulator of Worlds. In A. Briggle, K. Waelbers and P. Brey (Eds.), Current Issues in Computing and Philosophy (pp. 91-102). Amsterdam: IOS. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2008). Virtual Reality and Computer Simulation. In I. E. Himma and H. Tavani (Eds.), The Handbook of Information and Computer Ethics (pp. 361-384). Hoboken (NJ/USA): John Wiley & Sons click to open pdf
Briggle, A., Waelbers, K., & Brey, P. (Eds.). (2008). Current Issues in Computing and Philosophy. Amsterdam: IOS Press. available online

2007

Brey, P. (2007). Computer Ethics in (Higher) Education. In G. Dodig-Crnkovic & S. Stuart (Eds.), Computation, Information Cognition: The Nexus and the Liminal (pp. 341-363). Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Press. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2007). Computer Ethics of the Right and the Good. In L. Hinman, P. Brey, L. Floridi, F. Grodzinsky & L. Introna (Eds.), Proceedings of CEPE 2007: The 7th International Conference of Computer Ethics (pp. 47-49). Enschede: Center for Telematics and Information Technology.
Brey, P. (2007). Ethical Aspects of Information Security and Privacy. In M. Petcovic & W. Jonker (Eds.), Security, Privacy and Trust in Modern Data Management (pp. 21-36). New York: Springer. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2007). Is Information Ethics Culture-Relative? International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction, 3 (3), 12-24. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2007). Method in Computer Ethics: Toward a Multi-Level Interdisciplinary Approach. In J. Weckert (Ed.), Computer Ethics. International Library of Essays in Public and Professional Ethics Series (pp. 233-240). Brookfield (USA): Ashgate Publishing Company. available online
Brey, P. (2007). Nieuwe Media en Het Goede Leven. Algemeen Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Wijsbegeerte, 132-140. available online
Brey, P. (2007). The Technological Construction of Social Power. Social Epistemology, 22 (1), 71-95. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2007). Theorizing the Cultural Quality of New Media. Techné: Research in Philosophy and Technology, 11 (1), 1-18. click to open pdf
Brey, P., Hinman, L., Floridi, L., Grodzinsky, F., & Introna, L. (2007). Proceedings of Cepe 2007.
Søraker, J. H. & Brey, P. (2007). Ambient Intelligence and Problems with Inferring Desires from Behaviour. International Review of Information Ethics, 8 (1), 7-12. click to open pdf

2006

Brey, P. (2006). Editorial Introduction Privacy and Surveillance. Ethics and Information Technology, 7 (4), 183-184. available online
Brey, P. (2006). Ethical Aspects of Behavior-Steering Technology. In P. P. C. C. Verbeek & A. Slob (Eds.), User Behavior and Technology Develepment, (pp. 357-364). Dordrecht: Springer. available online
Brey, P. (2006). Evaluating the Social and Cultural Implications of the Internet. Computers and Society 36 (3), 41-48. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2006). Freedom and Privacy in Ambient Intelligence. Ethics and Information Technology 7 (3), 157-166. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2006). Social and Ethical Dimensions of Computer-Mediated Education. Journal of Information, Communication and Ethics in Society, 4 (2), 91-102. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2006). The Social Agency of Technological Artifacts. A Typology. In P. P. C. C. Verbeek & A. Slob (Eds.), User Behavior and Technology Development (pp. 71-81). Dordrecht: Springer. available online
Brey, P., Grodzinsky, F. & Introna, L. (2006). Editorial Introductions. Ethics of New Information Technology.Ethics and Information Technology, 7 (3), 109-109. available online

2005

Brey, P. (2005). ‘Techniekfilosofie. Verandert de techniek ook de filosofie?’ Wijsgerig Perspectief op Maatschappij en Wetenschap 45(3), 40-51.
Brey, P. (2005). Artifacts as Social Agents. In H. Harbers (Ed.), Inside the Politics of Technology. Agency and Normativity in the Production of Technology and Society (61-84). Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2005). Freedom and Privacy in Ambient Intelligence. In P. Brey, F. Grodzinsky & L. Introna (Eds.) Ethics of New Information Technology. Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference of Computer Ethics, CEPE2005) (pp. 91-100). Enschede: Center for Telematics and Information Technology.
Brey, P. (2005). Prosthetics. In C. Mitcham (Ed.), MacMillan Encyclopedia of Science, Technology and Ethics (pp. 1527-1532). Detroit: MacMillan Press. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2005). The Epistemology and Ontology of Human-Computer Interaction. Minds and machines, 15 (3-4), 383-398. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2005). The Importance of Privacy in the Workplace. In S. O. Hansson & E. Palm (Eds.), Privacy in the Workplace (pp. 97-118). Brussels: Peter Lang. click to open pdf
Brey, P. (2005). Virtual Reality. In C. Mitcham (Ed.), MacMillan Encyclopedia of Science, Technology and Ethics (pp. 2034-2036). Detroit: MacMillan Press. click to open pdf
Brey, P., F. Grodzinsky, F., & Introna, L. (Eds.). (2005). Ethics of New Information Technology (Cepe 2005). Enschede: CTIT / CEPTES - University of Twente.

2004

Brey, P. (2004). 'Ethical Aspects of Face Recognition Systems in Public Places,' Journal of Information, Communication & Ethics in Society, 2:2, 97-109.
Brey, P. (2004). 'Ethical Aspects of Face Recognition Systems in Public Places,' in R. Spinello & H. Tavani (eds.), Readings in Cyberethics, 2nd ed. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 585-600.
Brey, P. (2004). ‘Disclosive Computer Ethics,’ in R. Spinello & H. Tavani (eds.), Readings in Cyberethics, 2nd ed. Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 55-66 [Reprint from Brey 2001a].
Brey, P. (2004). Ethical Aspects of the Virtual European University. EuroPACE report WG9 for the cEVU-project (Collaborative Virtual European University) for the European Commission. 25 pp.
Misa, T., Brey, P. and Feenberg, A. (2003). Modernity and Technology. MIT Press. (Paperback ed. 2004)

2003

Brey, P. (2003). ‘The Social Ontology of Virtual Environments,” John Searle's Ideas About Social Reality: Extensions, Criticisms and Reconstructions. Eds. David Koepsell and Laurence Moss. Blackwell Publishing, 2003, 269-282.
Brey, P. (2003). ‘The Social Ontology of Virtual Environments,” American Journal of Economics and Sociology 62:1, 269-282.
Brey, P. (2003). ‘Theorizing Technology and Modernity,’ Modernity and Technology. Eds. Thomas Misa, Philip Brey and Andrew Feenberg. MIT Press, 33-71. [Translation in Greek forthcoming in 2007 in a book edited by M. Asimakopoulos for Nissos publishers.]
Brey, P. (2003). ‘Wetenschaps- en techniekfilosofie. Does it take two to tango?’ Algemeen Nederlands Tijdschrift voor Wijsbegeerte, 95:3, 215-20.
Misa, T., Brey, P. and Feenberg, A. (2003). Modernity and Technology. MIT Press. (Paperback ed. 2004)

2001

Brey, P. (2001). ‘Disclosive Computer Ethics,’ Readings in Cyberethics, eds. R. Spinello & H. Tavani, Sudbury, MA: Jones and Bartlett, 51-62. Also included in 2nd edition of Readings in Cyberethics, 2004, p. 55-66.
Brey, P. (2001). ‘Hubert Dreyfus - Human versus Machine’. In: Achterhuis, H. (ed.), American Philosophy of Technology: The Empirical Turn, Indiana University Press, 37-63.
Brey, P. (2001). ‘The Role of Social and Ethical Studies of IT in the University Curriculum,’ Proceedings of the Second International Workshop for Foundations of Information Ethics (FINE2001) (Eds. M. Ochi, M. Tsuboi and Y. Goto), 171-180 (English), 180-188 (Japanese).
Dym, C. and Brey, P. (2001). ‘Languages for Engineering Design: Empirical Constructs for Representing Objects and Articulating Processes’. In: P. Kroes and A. Meijers (eds.), The Empirical Turn in the Philosophy of Technology. Research in Philosophy and Technology 20. Londen: Elsevier/JAI Press, 119-148.

2000

Brey, P. (2000). 'Disclosive Computer Ethics: The Exposure and Evaluation of Embedded Normativity in Computer Technology,' Computers and Society, 30(4): 10-16.
Brey, P. (2000). 'Technology and Embodiment in Ihde and Merleau-Ponty.' Metaphysics, Epistemology, and Technology. Research in Philosophy and Technology, vol 19. ed. C. Mitcham. London: Elsevier/JAI Press.
Brey, P. (2000). 'Technology as Extension of Human Faculties.' Metaphysics, Epistemology, and Technology. Research in Philosophy and Technology, vol 19. Ed. C. Mitcham. London: Elsevier/JAI Press.
Brey, P. (2000). ‘Ethische aspecten van virtual reality,’ Filosofie en Praktijk, 20/1: 31-44.

1999

Brey, P. (1999). ‘Method in Computer Ethics: Towards a Multi-Level Interdisciplinary Approach,’ Ethics and Information Technology 2:3, 1-5.
Brey, P. (1999). ‘The Ethics of Representation and Action in Virtual Reality,’ Ethics and Information Technology 1/1, 5-14.
Brey, P. (1999). ‘Worker Autonomy and the Drama of Digital Networks in Organizations,’ Journal of Business Ethics 22: 15-25.

1998

Brey, P. (1998). 'New Media and the Quality of Life,’ Techné: Journal of the Society for Philosophy and Technology 3:1, 1-23.
Brey, P. (1998). 'Space-Shaping Technologies and the Geographical Disembedding of Place,' Philosophy & Geography vol. III: Philosophies of Place. (Annual journal.) Eds. Andrew Light & Jonathan B. Smith. New York and London: Rowman & Littlefield, p. 239-263.
Brey, P. (1998). 'The Politics of Computer Systems and the Ethics of Design.' In Computer Ethics: Philosophical Enquiry, ed. M.J. van den Hoven , Rotterdam University Press, p. 64-75.

1997

Brey, P. (1997). 'Hubert Dreyfus - Mens versus Computer,' in Van Stoommachine tot Cyborg, Red. H. Achterhuis, Ambo, Baarn, 43-68.
Brey, P. (1997). 'Morele Eigenschappen van Computersystemen,' Vijandbeelden in de Filosofie. Akta van de 19e Nederlands-Vlaamse filosofiedag. (ed. L. Pijnenburg), Wageningen: Landbouw Universiteit Wageningen, 217-224.
Brey, P. (1997). 'Social Constructivism for Philosophers of Technology: A Shopper's Guide.' Techné: Journal of the Society for Philosophy and Technology 2:3-4, 56-78.
Brey, P. (1997). 'Sustainable Technology and the Limits of Ecological Modernization,’ Ludus Vitalis. Revista De Filosofia de Las Ciencias de la Vida / Journal of Philosophy of Life Sciences, 17-30.
Brey, P. (1997). Artifacts as Social Agents. Design and the Social, Cultural and Political Consequences of Technology Use. 48 pp. Internal research report, University of Twente, distributed internationally.

1996

Brey, P. (1996). 'Philosophy of Technology: A Time for Maturation.' Metascience: An International Review Journal for the History, Philosophy and Social Studies of Science, 9: 91-104.

1995

Brey, P. (1995). The Role of Cognitive Science in Epistemology and the Philosophy of Science. Ph.D. dissertation, University of California, San Diego. Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Paul M. Churchland.

Professional/Popular publications (selection)